Basic Algorithm with Typescript (Part 1)

basic programming for zero experience people

What is Algorithm ?

In mathematics and computer science field, algorithm is a finite list of instructions given to a computer or we can describe as a finite sequence of computer implementable instructions.

In simple explanation we can say algorithm is list of step to do something / to make something (output).

Every daily basis activities of your life are using the concept of algorithm, for example:

1. How you go to school from your home ?

illustrations of how you go to school

So, from the picture above we can write a code like this:

function goToSchool() {
  wakeUp();
  bath();
  cook();
  eat();
  hopInSchoolBus();
  arriveAndLearn();
}

Basic Logic Syntax in Programming you need to know:

1. Operator
2. Conditional
3. Iteration

What is Operator ?

An Operator is a symbol / character that determine what action should be performed. There are several operator category that necessary for you:

1. Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are operators that perform mathematic calculations. For example, assume we have 2 variables that contain number value:

let a = 5;
let b = 10;
// addition
console.log(a + b) // 15
// substraction
console.log(a - b) // -5
// multiplication
console.log(a * b) // 50
// division
console.log(a / b) // 0.5
// modulus
console.log(a % b) // 5
// increment
a++;
console.log(a) // 6
// decrement
b--;
console.log(b) // 9

💡 There are 2 categories of increment / decrement operators. Pre-increment means increment of the variable then save the expression value, on the other hand post-increment means increment of the variable then remember the original value before the increment process.

Pre increment:

let angka = 10;
let res = ++angka;
console.log(res); // 11

Post increment:

let angka = 10;
let res = angka++;
console.log(res) // 10

2. Relational Operators

Relational Operators are operators that evaluate what kind of relationships between 2 value. For example, assume we have 2 variables that contain number value same as number 1:

let a = 5;
let b = 10;
// greater than
console.log(a > b) // false
// lesser than
console.log(a < b) // true
// greater than or equal to
console.log(a >= b) // false
// lesser than or equal to
console.log(a <= b) // true
// equality
console.log(a == b) // false
// not equal
console.log(a != b) // true

3. Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine two or more relational operators. Logical operator will return a boolean value type.

let a = 5;
let b = 10;
// AND
console.log(a > 5 && b > 10) // false
// OR
console.log(a > 5 || b >= 10) // true
// NOT
console.log(!(a > 5)) // true

4. Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used for mathematical calculation and pass the result into a new variable.

let a = 5;
let b = 10;
let c = 0;
// simple assignment
c = a + b // 15
// add assignment
c += a // 5
// substract assignment
c -= a // -5
// multiply assignment
c *= a // 0
// division assignment
c /= a // infinite

5. Miscellaneous Operators

• Negation operator

let x = 4;
let y = -x;
console.log(y) // -4

• String concat operator

String concat operator used to combined 2 or more string variable

let message = "hello";
let text = " world";
console.log(message + text + " again !");
// "hello world again !"

• Typeof operator

Typeof operator is used to return the data type of a variable

let num = 5;
console.log(typeof num) // number

This is the end of part 1, this article is more focusing on the concept of operators and how you apply it to your code. For the next part, I will write about conditional statement.